Designing for Human Reliability: Human Factors Engineering in the Oil, Gas, and Process Industries, by Ronald W. McLeod
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Designing for Human Reliability: Human Factors Engineering in the Oil, Gas, and Process Industries, by Ronald W. McLeod
Read and Download Ebook Designing for Human Reliability: Human Factors Engineering in the Oil, Gas, and Process Industries, by Ronald W. McLeod
Industry underestimates the extent to which behaviour at work is influenced by the design of the working environment. Designing for Human Reliability argues that greater awareness of the contribution of design to human error can significantly enhance HSE performance and improve return on investment. Illustrated with many examples, Designing for Human Reliability explores why work systems are designed and implemented such that "design-induced human error" becomes more-or-less inevitable. McLeod demonstrates how well understood psychological processes can lead people to make decisions and to take actions that otherwise seem impossible to understand. Designing for Human Reliability sets out thirteen key elements to deliver the levels of human reliability expected to achieve the return on investment sought when decisions are made to invest in projects. And it demonstrates how investigation of the human contribution to incidents can be improved by focusing on what companies expected and intended when they chose to rely on human performance as a barrier, or control, against incidents.
- Recognise some ‘hard truths’ of human performance and learn about the importance of applying the principles of Human Factors Engineering on capital projects
- Learn from analysis of real-world incidents how differences between ‘fast’ and ‘slow’ styles of thinking can lead to human error in industrial processes
- Learn how controls and barrier against major incidents that rely on human performance can be strengthened throughout the design and development of assets and equipment
- Amazon Sales Rank: #3325703 in eBooks
- Published on: 2015-03-21
- Released on: 2015-03-21
- Format: Kindle eBook
Review
"Often when people from industry ask me what they should read on Human Factors, I pause, because there are actually few books on the subject that aren’t written by academics for academics. Now, thankfully, there is such a book. It has a solid industry feel to it, and the questions it poses and answers remind me of many discussions I’ve had over the years in numerous industries, but particularly Oil and Gas where the dollar is what really counts.......If you are a manager, engineer, or designer facing human performance issues and wondering what to do about them, read this book." --Barry Kirwan, EUROCONTROL
"Designing for Reliability shows very effectively how human performance can be influenced by workplace design. This is a timely addition to the human factors literature, given the relative lack of attention traditionally paid to the design stage of worksite construction. What is novel about this book is that it is not only about equipment but it also explains clearly how the working environment (e.g. arrangements of pipework, access ladders, gauges and valves) needs to be carefully planned with respect to the cognitive and physical capabilities of the human operators. Ron Mcleod skilfully illustrates just how difficult and expensive it can be to fix dangerous and unworkable layouts after building and manufacturing are completed. Moreover, he reveals how major industrial accidents have occurred with causal deficiencies in the work systems and equipment interfaces.......I would recommend this book for students on engineering, ergonomics and human factors courses. Ron Mcleod’s wide experience in industry, especially in the oil and gas sector, shines through the material. He clearly knows how to discuss human factors with practitioners." --Rhona Flin, Emeritus Professor of Applied Psychology, University of Aberdeen
"Ron McLeod’s book Designing for Human Reliability, in my opinion, fills a gap in the literature on HFE. As inspector for a major hazard company, I can confirm his statement ' … there has been a lack of appreciation of the extent to which the behavior of people at the operational sharp-end (the operators on the workfloor) is shaped or facilitated by the design of the physical and the organizational world they work in'. I also believe that if more decision makers or the people who can influence these decisions read and use the content of this book, this lack of appreciation can be reduced. For this, the book is convincing by delivering the necessary theories and techniques accompanied with an abundance of compelling examples and stories which are spot on in supporting the theories handed over in the book......There is no doubt I loved reading the book. As a final credit: many "softer" topics in Safety I and Safety II were (up to now) too fuzzy for me, although I had read a lot about them. The fuzziness is gone after reading this book!" --Frank Verschueren, Labor and Process Safety Inspector
"McLeod’s book is an in-depth, structured, and careful exploration of human factors engineering-an HFE bible for the layman that also yields insights for those in the HFE field. The examples he provides demonstrate the complexity and multifaceted layers of human factors engineering, showing how organizational drivers can either hinder or support safety and return-on-investment. His concise yet in-depth exploration of a wide array of HFE concepts, with choice examples, had me rethinking incidents I thought I already knew thoroughly, such as the Formosa Plastics Vinyl Chloride multi-fatality incident and the Buncefield tank farm explosion. He shared new thinking on these events and others, expanding beyond a basic HFE approach into the emotional influences of design. I found myself noting many of his ideas for future reference....This book is a compendium of scientific and technical HFE knowledge, all wrapped up in one well-organized resource." -- Cheryl Mackenzie
About the Author Ronald W. McLeod, Ph.D., is a human factor specialist who combines strong academic credentials with more than 30 years industrial experience in Human Factors and Applied Psychology. He founded Nickleby HFE Ltd, in 1990 and was both Managing Director and Technical Director until 2007. His team provided services in applied research and system design across industries including defence, oil and gas, nuclear power, aerospace, and financial services. In 2007, he joined Shell as Global Discipline Lead for Human Factors and continued to work there until February 2014. At Shell, Ron led a global team of Human Factors specialists and was responsible for Shell's Design Engineering Practices on Human Factors Engineering, as well as assurance of technical competence of both Shell and contractors staff. He was also one of Shell's lead Subject Matter Experts on Fatigue Risk Management. He left Shell in February 2014 to pursue interests in writing and now works part-time as an independent consultant. Ron earned a B.Sc degree with Honors in Psychology from the University of Stirling, an M.Sc in Ergonomics from Loughborough University of Technology, and Ph.D. in Engineering and Applied Science from the University of Southampton. He is Honorary Professor of Engineering Psychology at Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, Scotland. Ron is a registered member of the Institute of Human Factors and Ergonomics, and is a member of the Human Factors Society and the Society of Petroleum Engineers. He has contributed to numerous industry best practices and guides produced by organizations including IOGP/IPIECA, SPE and the Energy Institute. Ron was an invited member of the Psychology User Panel for the UK's 2003 Research Assessment Exercise (RAE 2003) and was a member of UK National Advisory Committee on Human Factors from 2001-2006. He was Shell's representative on Human Factors sub-committee of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers from 2008-2013, a member of Buncefield Industry Working Group #7 (Human Factors) and a member of Working Group 1 of the UK Process Safety Leadership Group.
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Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful. the author proves the potential influence of a better organizational and technical design of the work and the ... By Frank Verschueren Ron McLeod’s book Designing for Human Reliability, in my opinion, fills a gap in the literature on HFE.As inspector for a major hazard company, I can confirm his statement “ … there has been a lack of appreciation of the extent to which the behavior of people at the operational sharp-end (the operators on the workfloor) is shaped or facilitated by the design of the physical and the organizational world they work in”.I also believe that if more decision makers or the people who can influence these decisions read and use the content of this book, this lack of appreciation can be reduced. For this, the book is convincing by delivering the necessary theories and techniques accompanied with an abundance of compelling examples and stories which are spot on in supporting the theories handed over in the book.To bring his case, the author starts with a major accident already investigated in the past. However, by deepening the conversation extensively on these investigations, the author proves the potential influence of a better organizational and technical design of the work and the workplace. At the same time, he proves the need to understand the operator in his decisions and actions by trying to “get into his head”. This need and the value of Human Factors (HF) Engineering is then supported by more stories and examples.This is one of the largest strengths of the book. It contains many stories more or less close to the author and his nearly forty years of professional experience. These stories, together with an abundance of examples, supported throughout the entire book help express his opinions. Stories and examples prove not only the fact that the author has written the book as an “applied scientist” but helps the reader in understanding the complexity of human performance and it makes the reading of the book a real pleasure.Another strength of the book I enjoyed is the way the author translates scientific theories and his opinions derived from these theories in pragmatic “tips and tricks” (not my intention to disregard the value of these!).In that sense, one of my favorite chapters is chapter 11. Having read both Kahneman’s Thinking Fast and Slow and Reason myself, I appreciated very much the way the author ”reconciled”. The author represents both theories and the links between them so you don’t even need to read the previous books - another credit to the author. The following chapter 12 where the author “operationalizes” some System 1 biases (out of Kahneman’s book ) is another good illustration of the pragmatic value of the book. One of the main and, in my opinion, most important lessons of the book is explained here at its best: that people can and do react in an irrational way as consequence of six biases. The oil and gas industry is not free of these biases and this is explained again with realistic examples for each bias which is another example of how well-founded the author opinions are represented.All of the above leads me to, in my opinion, the mean reason I would recommend the book: the very solid theoretical basis but, even more importantly, the equally solid pragmatic and realistic basis that can exist out of the real workfloor-a world that the book and the author present.An important issue that is sometimes avoided and omitted by literature that is too focused on theory is the need for a solid equilibrium of costs versus benefits. Not only is the issue included in this book, but the book has an extensive elaboration on costs and benefits and covers the different perspectives of the involved actors. Again, this extensive elaboration is thanks to the vast professional experience of the author.Another part which in my view is very useful for the application of Human Factors Engineering is Chapter 6 which couples the principles of HF Engineering with the “hard truths” of human performance. I must say that in my professional work as an inspector and investigator, I encountered the same hard truths.I welcomed the treatment of “critical tasks” as it surely deserves a place in this book. So does “weak signals” as there is still a large lack of knowledge about this topic. The book delivers creditable progress in this field.Another topic I enjoyed finding in the book was the issue that more automation brings “automatically” more safety whereby one has the risk of neglecting the fact that all too often “by automating the simple things the operator is left with the increasingly more difficult things” as the author puts it correctly. Out of my personal experiences as an inspector, I have found this to be a quite common fallacy found in the industryThe book is not only bringing forward and stressing the problems, issues, challenges and clear needs but also solutions (systematic methods, tools, techniques, advices) which are well considered and linked to the forgoing parts of the book.As an inspector and investigator, I promote barriers thinking myself in the major hazards industry. I also experienced the gaps that can arise when different actors pass through the cycle of concept, risk assessment, design, construction and the final performance in operations. So it was no surprise that I appreciated Part 4 of the book.Again the author proved the importance of the content in chapters 15 to 19 by his deep explanations on the investigation of Buncefield.I expect that after chapter 20 any reader who has read the book up to this part will be convinced about the need to improve the implementation of HF Engineering.Well lucky for the reader, the book doesn’t stop there … on the contrary, the author proposes in chapter 21 thirteen elements necessary for success in delivering high levels of human reliability by design. And so the reader is offered the necessary advice in useful recommendations for improving the implementation of Human Factors Engineering in company projects.Chapter 22 reminded me of another strength and useful feature of the book: the author repeatedly places, where necessary, links and refers the reader to the different other connected parts of the book.As an inspector, I not only audit/inspect the way companies do their investigations but I also have to do accident investigations myself and so the topic treated by chapter 22 “Human Factors and learning from incidents” is in itself very important for my profession. I can say that although much was already known and familiar to me, the content was still refreshing and therefore useful. For someone new to Human Factors and who wants to improve investigating skills and knowledge, this chapter will be very valuable.There is no doubt I loved reading the book. As a final credit: many “softer” topics in Safety I and Safety II were (up to now) too fuzzy for me, although I had read a lot about them. The fuzziness is gone after reading this book!So after so many qualities and good points is there anything that could be improved?Well the book covers a lot (which in itself is good!!) and is therefore thick so the reader needs some time to get to the end. Therefore, I wonder if a part of the target readers the author wants to reach and convince-especially investors, senior managers, insurance companies, financial press-will take the necessary effort of reading all the critical material.I would suggest that the author would take this in consideration even more then he already did.This could be by including a list of suggested chapters at the very beginning of the book to focus on in accordance with the reader’s professional profile. For example, the chapter on weak signals, in my opinion, may be interesting for some but can be too theoretical and energy consuming for others so this chapter could demotivate some people to continue reading the book, especially when they have restricted time or motivation.Frank Verschueren, Labor and Process Safety InspectorBelgiumSeptember 4, 2015
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